Reaction of Period 3 Oxides with Water, Acids and Bases
Let's consider the reactions of Period 3 oxides with water, acids and bases.
1. Period 3 Oxides Reaction with Water
Sodium oxide is basic and reacts vigorously with water to form strong base sodium hydroxide, pH = 13.
Na2O + H2O → 2NaOH
Magnesium oxide is basic and reacts slowly with water to form weak base magnesium hydroxide, pH = 9 or 10.
MgO + H2O → Mg(OH)2
Aluminium oxide is amphoteric but insoluble in water hence pH = 7.
Silicon dioxide is acidic but insoluble in water hence pH = 7.
P4O10 is acidic and reacts with water to form strong acid H3PO4, pH = 1 or 2.
P4O10 + 6H2O → 4H3PO4
SO3 is acidic and reacts with water to form strong acid H2SO4, pH = 1 or 2.
SO3 + H2O → H2SO4
2. Period 3 Oxides Reaction with Acids and Bases
a. Reaction with H+
All metal oxides are basic and can react with acids to form salt and water.
Na2O + 2H+ → 2Na+ + H2O
MgO + 2H+ → Mg2+ + H2O
Aluminium oxide is amphoteric hence reacts with H+ to form salt and water.
Al2O3 + 6H+ → 2Al3+ + 3H2O
All non-metal oxides are acidic hence no reaction with acids.
b. Reaction with OH-
Sodium oxide and magnesium oxide are bases hence no reaction with bases.
Aluminium oxide is amphoteric hence reacts with OH- to form complex [Al(OH)4]-.
Al2O3 + 2OH- + 3H2O → 2[Al(OH)4]-
SiO2 is acidic and reacts with hot concentrated hydroxides to form salt and water.
SiO2 + 2OH- = SiO32- + H2O
P4O10 and SO3 are acidic hence reacts with hydroxides to form salt and water.
P4O10 + 12OH- → 4PO43- + 6H2O
SO3 + 2OH- → SO42- + H2O
Topic: Periodicity, Inorganic Chemistry, A Level Chemistry, Singapore
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